Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a common procedure across the world. Nevertheless, some pa

Heart valve surgery is used to repair or replace diseased heart valves. Blood flows between differen

The upper chambers of the heart are divided a wall called “interatrial septum”. The defect in this w

A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is an opening or hole in the wall that separates the two lower cha

Heart valve surgery fixes a damaged or faulty heart valve. There are two main types of heart valve s

Mitral valve repair and mitral valve replacement are procedures that may be performed to treat disea